A copy of the Shape Atlas book shared at the 2019 Shape Machine Symposium

Shape Computation Lab

Shape Computation Lab

The Shape Computation Lab explores how the visual nature of shape – and its ability to seamlessly shift and recombine to produce new opportunities for creative designers and reflective critics alike - can be formally implemented with new software technologies to assist seeing and doing in design in profoundly new ways.

Research

Screenshot from the Shape Machine

Shape Grammar Interpreters

Screenshot from DrawScript

Shape Grammars

Screenshot from Grape

Shape Studies

Courtswebb III: Exploring Courthouse Typology

Shape Pedia

Economou, A. “Shape Computation”, Spring, 2020 [Forthcoming].

Eloy S., Pauwels P. and Economou, A. “Advances in Implemented Shape Grammars: Solutions and Applications”, Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing (AIEDAM), 32(2), 2018.

Park J., and Economou A. "The Dirksen Grammar: A Generative Description of Mies van der Rohe’s Courthouse Design Language", Nexus Network Journal, 21(3): 591-622, 2019.

Quan S J., Park J., Economou A. and Lee S. "Artificial Intelligence-Aided Design: Smart Design for Sustainable City Development", Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science, 46(8): 1581-1599, 2019.

Economou A., and Grasl T. "Paperless Grammars", in: Lee JH. (eds) Computational Studies on Cultural Variation and Heredity. KAIST Research Series. Springer, Singapore, pp. 139-160, 2018.

Grasl T, and Economou A . "From Shapes to Topologies and Back: An introduction to a General Parametric Shape Grammar Interpreter". Advances in Implemented Shape Grammars: Solutions and Applications. AI EDAM Special Issue: Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing, 32(2), Cambridge University Press, pp. 208–224, 2018.

Eloy, S., Pauwels, P., and Economou, A. “Promises of Shape Grammars” in Advances in Implemented Shape Grammars: Solutions and Applications. AI EDAM Special Issue: Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing, 32(2), Cambridge University Press, pp. 131–137, 2018.

Ligler, H., and Economou, A.,  "Entelechy Revisited: On the Generative Specification of John Portman's Architectural Language",  Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science, Sage Press https://doi.org/10.1177/0265813516676489; 2016.

Grasl, T., and Economou, A., "From Topologies to Shapes: Parametric Shape Grammars Implemented by Graphs", Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 40 (5): 905 – 922, 2013.

Economou, A., and Grasl, T., “Spatial Sieves” in Xenakis Matters: Contexts, Processes, Applications, Sharon Kanach (Ed). Xenakis Series IV; Pendragon Press, pp. 287-313, 2012.

Grasl, T., and Economou, A., “Sort Machines” in J. Halatsch (ed), Digital Urban Modelling and Simulation, Springer-Verlag, Computer Science Editorial: Communications in Computer and Information Science (CCIS) Volume 0242; pp. 123-143, 2012.

Din. E., and Economou, A., “Surface Symmetries: The Smith House Revisited”, International Journal of Architectural Computing, Issue 04, Vol. 08, pp. 485-506, 2010.

Economou, A., and Swarts, M., “Performing Palladio”, International Journal of Architectural Computing, Issue 3, Volume 4, pp. 47-61, 2006.

Economou, A., “Tracing Axes of Growth” in Visual Thought: The Depictive Space of Perception, Advances in Consciousness Research 67 Ed: L. Albertazzi, (Amsterdam, John Benjamins Publishing Company), pp. 351-365, 2006.

Economou, A., “The Symmetry Lessons from Froebel Building Gifts”, Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 26(1): 75-90, 1999.

Economou A, Hong K., Ligler H, and Park J., “Shape Machine: A Primer in Visual Composition”, Cultural DNA: Computational Studies on Cultural variation and Heredity. KAIST, South Korea, pp.79-102, 2019

Ligler H, and Economou A.“From Drawing Shapes to Scripting Shapes: Architectural Theory Mediated by Shape Machine”, Proceedings of the Symposium on Simulation for Architecture + Urban Design (SimAUD), 2019.

Economou A.“The Six Vitruvian Principles of Architectural Design Reframed within Contemporary Computational Design Discourse”, Nexus 2018 Architecture and Mathematics Conference Book, eds. K. Williams and M.G Bevilaqua, Kim Williams Books, University of Pisa, pp.117-121, 2018.

Ligler H, and Economou A. “On John Portman's Atria: Two Exercises in Hotel Composition” in Conference Proceedings of Design Computing and Cognition DCC’18. J.S. Gero (ed), Springer 2018, pp. 439-458, 2018.

Dortdivanlioglu, H., and Economou, A., “Outlining Terragni: A Riddle Reworked”, CAAD Futures 2017, G. Çağdaş et al. (Eds.), CCIS 724, pp. 381–394, 2017.

Ligler, H., and Economou, A., “Entelechy I: Towards a Formal Specification of John Portman's Domestic Architecture” in Real Time: Extending the Reach of Computation, Proceedings of the 33rd eCAADe Conference, Volume 1, eds: Martens B., Wurzer G., Grasl T., Lorenz W.E., and Schaffranek, R., Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria. pp. 445-452, 2015.

Park, J., and Economou, A., “The Dirksen Variations: Towards a Generative Description of Mies's Courthouse Language” in Real Time: Extending the Reach of Computation, Proceedings of the 33rd eCAADe Conference, Volume 1, eds: Martens B., Wurzer G., Grasl T., Lorenz W.E., and Schaffranek, R., Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria, pp. 453-462, 2015.

Economou, A., and Kotsopoulos S., “From Shape Rules to Rule Schemata and Back”, Design Computing and Cognition DCC’14. Eds: J. S. Gero and S. Hanna, Springer, pp. 419-438, 2014.

Grasl, T., and Economou, A., “Towards Controlled Grammars: Approaches to Automating Rule Selection for Shape Grammars”, Ed: E. Thompson, Fusion: Proceedings of the 32nd eCAADe Conference, Department of Architecture and Built Environment, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Newcastle upon Tyne, England, UK, Volume 2, pp. 357-363, 2014.

Quan, J. S., Economou, A., Grasl, T., and Pei-Ju Yang P., “Computing Energy Performance Of Building Density, Shape And Typology In Urban Context, ” 6th International Conference on Applied Energy – ICAE2014, SciVerse Science Direct, Energy Procedia, Elsevier, pp. 1602-05, 2014.

Economou, A, f(x): Explicit and Recursive Definitions of Architectural Typology”, Ed: M. Bernal et al, Knowledge-Based Design: Proceedings of the 11th Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics (SIGRADI) Conference, Universidad Tecnica Federico Santa María, Valparaiso, Chile, pp. 211-216, 2013.

Grasl, T., and Economou, A., “Unambiguity: Difficulties in Communicating Shape Grammar Rules to a Digital Interpreter”. Ed: R. Stouffs and S. Sariyildiz, Computation and Performance: Proceedings of the 31st eCAADe Conference – Volume 2, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands, pp. 617-620, 2013.

Grasl, T., and Economou, A., “Grape: Using Graph Grammars to Implement Shape Grammars” SimAUD: Simulation for Architecture and Urban Design, Boston, MA, pp. 45-52, 2011.

Grasl, T., and Economou, A., “Palladian Graphs: Using a Graph Grammar to Automate the Palladian Grammar”, Future Cities, 28th eCAADe Conference Proceedings, Eds: G. Schmitt et al., ETH Zurich, Switzerland, pp. 275-284, 2010.

Din, E., and Economou, A., “Emergent Symmetries and Visual Computations: A Group Theoretical Analysis of The Smith House by Richard Meier”, in Joining Languages, Cultures and Visions: CAADFutures 2009, Eds: T. Tidafi and T. Dorta, PUM, 2009, pp. 173-187, 2009.

Economou, A., and Grasl, T., “Point Worlds” in Computation: The New Realm of Architectural Design, 27th eCAADe Conference Proceedings, Eds: G. Gagdas and B Colakoglu, ITU /YTU, Istanbul, Turkey, pp. 221-228, 2009.

Grasl, T., Economou, A., and Branum, C., “Combining Triples: Using a Graph Grammar to Generate Courthouse Topologies, ” in Computation: The New Realm of Architectural Design, 27th eCAADe Conference Proceedings, Eds: G. Gagdas and B Colakoglu, ITU /YTU, Istanbul, Turkey, pp. 605-612, 2009.

Economou, A., and Riether, G., “Vitruvian Machine”, Proceedings of CAADRIA: “Beyond Computer-Aided Design”, Chiang Mai, Thailand, pp. 522-528, 2008.

Economou, A., and Grasl, T., “Unraveling Complexity”, Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Design Computing and Cognition, DCC: USA, pp.361-374, 2008.

Economou, A, and Grasl, T., “Sieve_n: A Computational Approach for the Generation of All Partial Lattices of Two-Dimensional Shapes with an n-fold Symmetry Axis”, Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe) Conference Proceedings, Ed: J. Kieferle and K. Ehlers, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, pp. 947-954, 2007.

Grasl, T., and Economou, A., “Spatial Similarity Metrics: Graph Theoretic Distance Measurement and Floor Plan Abstraction”, Proceedings of Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures: CAADFutures, Ed: T. Maver, Sydney, Australia, pp. 251-263, 2007.

Economou, A., “Well-Tempered Mappings of Architecture and Music”, Representation as Vehicle of Architectural Thought: Conference Proceedings, Eds: V. Trova, K. Manolides, G. Papakonstantinou, University of Thessaly Press, Greece, pp. 85-94 (In Greek): Οικονόμου, Α. 2006. “Συγκερασμένες Απεικονίσεις Αρχιτεκτονικής και Μουσικής”, Πρακτικά Συνεδρίου: Η αναπαράσταση ως Όχημα Αρχιτεκτονικής Σκέψης, Eπ: Β.Τροβά, Κ. Μανωλίδης, Γ. Παπακωνσταντίνου, Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλίας, Εκδόσεις Τμήματος Αρχιτεκτόνων, σελ.85-94, 2006.

Park, H. J., Economou, A., and Papalambros, P., “Hermes: A Computational Tool for Proportional Studies in Design”, Conference Proceedings of the Computer-Aided Architecture Design Futures: Learning from the Past a Foundation for the Future (CAADFutures 2005), Eds: B. Martens, and A. Brown, Kluwer Academic Publishers: Vienna, Austria, pp. 99-108, 2005.

Economou, A., “Four Algebraic Structures in Design” in Proceedings of the Twenty First Annual Conference of the Association for Computer-Aided Design in Architecture: Reinventing the Discourse: How Digital Tools Help Bridge and Transform Research, Education and Practice in Architecture, Ed: J Wasim, Buffalo, New York: Association for Computer-Aided Design in Architecture, pp.192-201, 2001.

Economou, A., “C2C2C2: Pythagorean Structures in Design” in Proceedings of Mathematics and Design 2001: The Third International Conference: Digital . Hand . Eye . Ear . Mind, Eds: M. Burry, S. Datta, A. Dawson, and J. Rollo, Geelong, Australia: Deakin University, pp.128-138, 2001.

Economou, A., “Shape Grammars in Architectural Design Studio” in Proceedings of the 2000 ACSA Technology Conference: The Intersection of Design and Technology, Eds: W. Mitchell, and J. Fernandez, Washington DC: Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture, pp.75-81, 2000.

Economou, A., “Spatial Canons and Fugues”, in Proceedings of Greenwich 2000: Digital Creativity Symposium, University of Greenwich, pp.53-60, 2000.

Economou, A., “Counting, Coloring and Computing: Lessons from the Kindergarten”, Arts, Mathematics and Architecture: Proceedings of the First International Conference, Ed: J Barrallo, The University of the Basque Country, San Sebastian, Spain, pp.147-155, 1999.

Economou, A., “The symmetry of the Equal Temperament Scale”, Mathematics and Design 98: Proceedings of the Second International Conference, Ed. J. Barrallo, The University of the Basque Country, San Sebastian, Spain, pp. 557-566, 1998.

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